Wester Stanhope

NT12NW 3 12 29

See also NT12NW 4.

NT 1227 2965. In a charter dated 17 March 1645 mention is made of '...the lands of Torpedo...in the baronry of Stanhope, called Wastsyde of Stanhope, with tower, in the parish of Drumelzear.'

(R Renwick 1897)

(Area: NT 1227 2965). On the north bank of the Stanhope Burn are the scant remains of a few rectangular dwellings outlined by slight banks of earth and stone, on average 0.2m high. There are the outlines of three complete buildings, fragments of another three and the remains of an enclosure. It is impossible to decide without excavation whether this is the site mentioned by Renwick.

Surveyed at 1/2500.

Visited by OS (WJ) 26 July 1963

The location of the tower mentioned in the charter of 1645 cannot be identified with certainty. It is, however, on lands called 'Wastsyde of Stanehope' (Reg Magni Sig), and is most likely to lie on Wester Stanhope to the SW of the Stanhope Burn. Although no foundations of a tower are visible around Wester Stanhope a rectangular building with walls about 1.2m thick (NT12NW 4, NT 1212 2955) is situated in an enclosure occupying a terrace about 100m to the S; its foundations are more substantial than any of the other buildings around Stanhope and it may well be the building referred to in the charter.

Visited by RCAHMS (SPH), 16 August 1989.

NT12NW 55 12 29.

An important group of settlements and cultivation remains is concentrated at the mouth of the Stan Hope, around the modern farms of Easter and Wester Stanhope. To the SW of the Stanhope Burn, the earliest of these settlements are probably the ring-ditch houses NT12NW 36-7 on the NW flank of Laigh Hill. The fort NT12NW 5 overlooking Wester Stanhope was probably the next structure to be built followed by the homestead that overlies its outer rampart, the homestead NT12NW 34 below it and the scooped settlement NT12NW 32 adjacent to the ring-ditch houses on the SW flank of Laigh Hill. Perhaps overlapping in date with these undefended homesteads and settlements is the dun NT12NW 6.

The next classifiable structures are the farmsteads NT12NW 4, one of which contains a substantial building, possibly the building referred to as a tower in 1645 (see NT12NW 3). This building clearly overlies its surrounding enclosure whose date, along with the enclosure NT12NW 33 below the fort, is unknown. Around these settlements are numerous fragments of banks none of which form a coherent pattern. Some of them, particularly those around the rig-and-furrow cultivation at Wester Stanhope are probably of relatively recent date, but others may be considerably earlier. On the NW flank of Laigh Hill for instance there are traces of some very slight banks (eg NT 1154 2939 to 1160 2934 and centred 1178 2953), and a small cluster of cairns (NT 1167 2946), most of them entirely robbed, but there is very little trace of any rig-and-furrow. Indeed, there is some evidence on this hill-side of artificially smoothed areas, a type of feature that cannot be expected to survive any subsequent ploughing.

To the N of the Stanhope Burn a slightly different pattern emerges.

Here there is what is presumably an Early Bronze Age burial cairn NT13SW 53, and two undefended settlements NT12NW 2 and 55 comparable to those SW of the Stanhope Burn. Adjacent to one of the settlements is a large enclosure NT13SW 17. Between the two settlements and the Stanhope Burn there are two small fermtouns NT12NW 46 and 48, whose buildings are of different character to those of the farmsteads on the SW side of the burn (NT12NW 4) and may be of different date. Extending northwards from Easter Stanhope there is another complex of field-banks and rig-and-furrow. The rig-and-furrow, most of which is curving and quite well formed probably reflects several separate phases of cultivation and can be shown to post-date most of the banks that drop down on the uphill side of the track. There is no evidence, however, that these banks are related to either of the settlements or the enclosure. At one point some of the rig-and-furrow is overlain by an old sheepfold NT13SW 52. The rig-and-furrow that now survives at Stanhope is clearly no more than a fragment of the areas under cultivation in the pre-improvement period; Roy's Map (1747-55) shows that the whole of the haughland, which is now enclosed by substantial drystone walls, was under plough.

Visited by RCAHMS (SPH) July/August 1989.