Dunaverty Castle

NR60NE 4 6881 0748

(NR 6881 0750) Dunaverty Castle (NR) (site of)

OS 6" map (1924)

Dunaverty Castle. The scanty remains of this castle occupy a conspicuous headland of conglomerate rock which projects into the Sound of Sanda between Dunaverty Bay and Brunerican Bay. The headland forms a natural stonghold, being sea-girt on three sides and approachable only from the N, where a narrow path links it to the mainland.

The principal means of defence appears to have been a wall of enclosure whose course was dictated by the configuration of the site, but it is possible that those sections of the perimeter that appeared naturally impregnable were left undefended. Thus, few traces of masonry can be seen on the E and S sides of the headland, where there is a precipitous drop to the sea, but close to the SW tip of the promontory there is a short section of wall evidently designed to seal off a possible line of ascent in this quarter. Further fragments of curtain wall may be seen along the NW perimeter, enclosing a fairly level platform which lies below the summit on this side of the headland. Towards the SE side of this platform a small circular rock-cut depression (A on plan) may represent the site of a well. All the surviving fragments of curtain wall are of roughly-coursed rubble masonry laid in lime mortar; the best preserved section appears to have had a thickness of at least 1.5m and a height of more than 3.4m.

The summit itself, although comparatively level, is quite small in area. Access was evidently gained to it from the NW platform by means of a narrow, roughly-formed, rock-cut staircase (B) which terminated in a small chamber (C) occupying the E extremity of the summit. This chamber was formed partly by quarrying, its E and S walls having been founded upon a rock sub- structure which is still preserved. There are no other identifiable remains of buildings upon the summit, except along the NW side, where there are fragmentary traces of a wall of enclosure. It is possible, however, that a subrectangular depresson (D) in the centre of the SW portion of the summit, measuring about 6.1m by 4.0m over all, represents the site of a former building.

There is insufficiennt evidence to determine the precise age of the remains described above, but they may tentatively be ascribed to the medieval period. The fortress first comes on record at the beginning of the 8th century, when it formed a principal stronghold of the race of Gabran, grandson of Fergus of Dalriada. Dunaverty was seized by Scottish rebels with English help, and recovered by the Crown, in the 1240s. The most important event in the history of Dunaverty was General Leslie's siege and subsequent massacre of a royalist garrison under the command of Archibald MacDonald of Sanda in 1647. The castle was probably dismantled at the time of the Earl of Argyll's rebellion of 1685.

RCAHMS 1971, visited 1967.

The remains of Dunaverty Castle are as described and planned by the RCAHMS.

Surveyed at 1:10 000.

Visited by OS (NKB) 27 September 1977.