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Following the launch of trove.scot in February 2025 we are now planning the retiral of some of our webservices. Canmore will be switched off on 24th June 2025. Information about the closure can be found on the HES website: Retiral of HES web services | Historic Environment Scotland

Adelaar: Ceann Aird Ghrein, Barra, Atlantic

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The damaged breech end of a cast-iron gun with the concretion removed for recording.
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Bronze breech-loading swivel gun. The chamber is from de Liefde (1711) (after Bax and Martin, 1974: 84).
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Ship's equipment and fittings.
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The ‘Z-VOC-M’ cipher from the printed form on which Adelaar’s inventory of specie is listed. ‘ADL’ has been superscribed by hand; presumably this is an abbreviation of the ship’s name (after a detail in NAS AC 9/1203).
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Iron hammer-heads.
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Copper alloy pan.
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Colin Martin conducting a improvised plane-table survey of surface features of the wreck-site on a rare calm day. The accuracy proved to be acceptable, and the result added detail and clarification to the Ordnance Survey 1:10,000 map
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The four lead-ingot types (undersides). Scale in centimetres and inches.
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Gold jewellery from the wreck-site.
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Linked gold buttons, under side. The arms of Amsterdam and the letter "B" are struck on the back of each button. This may be the mark of the Amsterdam silversmith Jan Breda (1668-1725).
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Copper-alloy finds from the wreck-site.
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Heel-mark "SVS" on Gouda pipe, probably of Staats Jansz (1706-1724).
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Wrought-iron light hammer from the wreck-site. Scale in centimetres and inches.
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Heavily reduced wrought-iron anchor arm and crown, showing the grain of the wrought-iron structure. Scale in centimetres and inches.
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Type 4 lead ingot, of which only one example was recovered.
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Bronze breech-loading swivel-gun with the A-VOC cipher. It lacks the breech-block which would have contained the powder charge. The piece would have fired a 4-pound solid iron shot or, more probably, containers filled with lead shot or iron scrap.
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Copper-alloy object of uncertain function, possibly a weight. Scale in inches.
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Various objects associated with the working of the ship. Top, a deep-sea sounding-lead; bottom left, two copper-alloy coaks or bearings from wooden sheaves or perhaps the mounting of a swivel-gun; bottom right, two perforated lead discs, probably parts of pump filters. Scale in centimetres and inches.
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A diving archaeologist conducting a metal-detector survey in Gulley B. The rounded boulders in the foreground are typical of the fill of gulleys on the Adelaar wreck-site, indicative of the dynamic environment which moves them around.
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Moving stones by bucket during the excavation of Gulley A. Note the dynamic motion indicated by the waving kelp fronds.
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Four lead ingots lodged at the interface between the sides and fill of Gulley B. Note the short ingot lodged in a hollow of the gulley wall from where, it may be presumed, it has never moved since deposition.
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A diving archaeologist conducting a metal-detector survey in Gulley B. The rounded boulders in the foreground are typical of the fill of gulleys on the Adelaar wreck-site, indicative of the dynamic environment which moves them around. Weed growing on the vertical sides of the gulley is visible to left and right.
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The metal-detector in use over the stones in Gulley B.
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Bronze 6-pounder gun in Gulley A. The effects of abrasion on its surface are plain. Note also the rounded pebbles and smoothly round bedrock.
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